Lebanon — humanitarian situation

Lebanon faces renewed humanitarian pressures following a re-escalation of hostilities that began on 2 March 2026, despite a conditional ceasefire agreement announced on 3 June between Lebanon and Israel following US-facilitated negotiations in Washington (UNRWA). The ceasefire remains fragile, with violations persisting throughout the period. As of 22 June, the Ministry of Public Health reported at least 4,175 deaths and 12,164 injuries since 2 March (OCHA). The humanitarian situation deteriorated sharply after intense airstrikes on Beirut on 8 April displaced approximately 1.2 million people (Tzu Chi Foundation). Following the collapse of the Syrian regime on 8 December 2024, more than 122,500 Syrian and Lebanese nationals crossed into Syria between 2 March and 22 June, though approximately 30,515 have since returned to Lebanon after the 17 April ceasefire, suggesting gradual stabilisation in cross-border movements (IOM). As of 22 June, 104,400 internally displaced persons, over 52 per cent women and girls, remained in 612 collective shelters (OCHA). Since 2 March, more than 14.5 million hot and cold meals have been provided to displaced populations inside these shelters (OCHA). WFP assisted 850,000 people across all activities in May 2026, including 264,000 conflict-affected individuals reached through emergency food and cash assistance (WFP). Women and girls continue to face heightened protection risks and disrupted health services. On 31 May, airstrikes severely damaged a UNFPA-supported primary healthcare centre and a women and girls' safe space in southern Lebanon, among the few facilities still operating in the region (UNFPA). Border villages including Rmeich, Debel, and Ain Ebel remain isolated, with residents cut off from essential services and facing severe limitations on movement and access to water and basic necessities (MSF). WFP requires approximately USD 91 million to sustain emergency cash, food, and fuel assistance through December 2026, as needs continue to outpace existing resources (WFP). The Livelihoods Sector has introduced Emergency Cash for Work guidelines to provide short-cycle income replacement during this acute crisis phase (UNHCR). Forced evacuation orders in southern Lebanon continue to displace populations and disrupt access to services (UNFPA).